Below are major excerpts from India's 11th 5yr plan highlighting the problem of drinking water in the country!!
Water is a relatively scarce resource in India since we have 16.0 per cent of the world’s population
and only 4.0 per cent of the usable fresh water. Since the annual availability of fresh water is fixed and
demands are bound to expand as production increases
Satellite data reveals that there has been a decline in the ground water level of 4 centimetres each
year between 2002 and 2008 in the alluvial tracks of Northern India where natural rates of recharge are
high. This is equivalent to an increase in over 70.0 per cent in the rate of water extraction compared to the
previous decade
Water quality issues also arise due to chemical pollution through excessive fertiliser use and reckless
dumping of untreated waste into our rivers. Only about 30 per cent of the total sewage generated in the
country is actually treated before being dumped into available water bodies
Since groundwater is the main source of water in India, special emphasis is needed on obtaining
an accurate picture of groundwater resources, including a comprehensive mapping of our aquifers at
a watershed scale, with their storage and transmission characteristics. Our current network of around
60,000 observation wells is completely inadequate given the explosive rise in groundwater use in recent
years through nearly 30 million groundwater structures
Use of water by industry and urban areas needs to be made much more efficient. This requires
reducing dependence on fresh water, especially groundwater (which is increasingly being over-exploited
across the country) and ensuring safe disposal of waste. A major hike is required in investments in water
recycling or waste-water treatment
http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/12appdrft/appraoch_12plan.pdf